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Research ArticleArticle

The Gendered Labor Market Impacts of Trade Liberalization

Evidence from Brazil

Isis Gaddis and Janneke Pieters
Journal of Human Resources, March 2017, 52 (2) 457-490; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.52.2.1014-6690R1
Isis Gaddis
Isis Gaddis is a senior economist at the World Bank. Janneke Pieters is an assistant professor at Wageningen University and a research fellow at the Institute for the Study of Labor.
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Janneke Pieters
Isis Gaddis is a senior economist at the World Bank. Janneke Pieters is an assistant professor at Wageningen University and a research fellow at the Institute for the Study of Labor.
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Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of Brazil’s trade liberalization on gender differences in labor market outcomes, using difference-in-difference estimation that exploits variation in preliberalization industry composition across microregions. We find that trade liberalization reduced male and female labor force participation rates and tradable sector employment rates, particularly among the low-skilled population. As aggregate effects on men are significantly larger, liberalization reduced the percentage point gender gap in employment and participation rates. However, in proportionate terms, we find no evidence that women’s employment and participation increased relative to men’s, or that women benefitted from the procompetitive effects of free trade.

  • Received October 2014.
  • Accepted October 2015.

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Journal of Human Resources: 52 (2)
Journal of Human Resources
Vol. 52, Issue 2
31 Mar 2017
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The Gendered Labor Market Impacts of Trade Liberalization
Isis Gaddis, Janneke Pieters
Journal of Human Resources Mar 2017, 52 (2) 457-490; DOI: 10.3368/jhr.52.2.1014-6690R1

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The Gendered Labor Market Impacts of Trade Liberalization
Isis Gaddis, Janneke Pieters
Journal of Human Resources Mar 2017, 52 (2) 457-490; DOI: 10.3368/jhr.52.2.1014-6690R1
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