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Research ArticleArticles

Multigrading and Child Achievement

Gian Paolo Barbetta, Giuseppe Sorrenti and Gilberto Turati
Journal of Human Resources, July 2021, 56 (3) 940-968; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.56.3.0118-9310R4
Gian Paolo Barbetta
Gian Paolo Barbetta is Professor of Economic Policy at Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
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Giuseppe Sorrenti
Giuseppe Sorrenti is Assistant Professor of Economics at the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Gilberto Turati
Gilberto Turati is Professor of Public Finance at Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

We study how multigrading, which is mixing students of different grades into a single class, affects children’s cognitive achievement in primary school. We build instruments to identify the causal effect of multigrading by exploiting an Italian law that controls class size and grade composition. Results suggest that attendance in multigrade versus single-grade classes increases students’ performance on standardized tests by 19 percent of a standard deviation for second-graders, and it has zero effect for fifth-graders. The positive impact of multigrading for second-graders appears to be driven by children sharing their class with peers from higher grades. This last finding rationalizes the absence of a multigrade effect for fifth-graders.

JEL Classification:
  • I26
  • I28
  • R53
  • Received January 2018.
  • Accepted August 2019.

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Journal of Human Resources: 56 (3)
Journal of Human Resources
Vol. 56, Issue 3
1 Jul 2021
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Multigrading and Child Achievement
Gian Paolo Barbetta, Giuseppe Sorrenti, Gilberto Turati
Journal of Human Resources Jul 2021, 56 (3) 940-968; DOI: 10.3368/jhr.56.3.0118-9310R4

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Multigrading and Child Achievement
Gian Paolo Barbetta, Giuseppe Sorrenti, Gilberto Turati
Journal of Human Resources Jul 2021, 56 (3) 940-968; DOI: 10.3368/jhr.56.3.0118-9310R4
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Keywords

  • I26
  • I28
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