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Research ArticleArticles

The gendered labor market impacts of trade liberalization: evidence from Brazil

Isis Gaddis and Janneke Pieters
Published online before print March 08, 2016, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.52.2.1014-6690R1
Isis Gaddis
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Janneke Pieters
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Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of Brazil's trade liberalization on gender differences in labor market outcomes, using difference-in-difference estimation that exploits variation in pre-liberalization industry composition across microregions. We find that trade liberalization reduced male and female labor force participation rates and tradable sector employment rates, particularly among the low-skilled population. As aggregate effects on men are significantly larger, liberalization reduced the percentage point gender gap in employment and participation rates. However, in proportionate terms, we find no evidence that women’s employment and participation increased relative to men’s, or that women benefitted from the pro-competitive effects of free trade.

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Journal of Human Resources: 60 (3)
Journal of Human Resources
Vol. 60, Issue 3
1 May 2025
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The gendered labor market impacts of trade liberalization: evidence from Brazil
Isis Gaddis, Janneke Pieters
Journal of Human Resources Mar 2016, DOI: 10.3368/jhr.52.2.1014-6690R1

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The gendered labor market impacts of trade liberalization: evidence from Brazil
Isis Gaddis, Janneke Pieters
Journal of Human Resources Mar 2016, DOI: 10.3368/jhr.52.2.1014-6690R1
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