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Research ArticleArticle

Universal Access to Free School Meals and Student Achievement: Evidence from the Community Eligibility Provision

Krista Ruffini
Published online before print January 11, 2021, 0518-9509R3; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.57.3.0518-9509R3
Krista Ruffini
1 Krista Ruffini is a Visiting Scholar at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis and an Assistant Professor at Georgetown University.
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Abstract

The school meals program is the largest nutritional assistance program for school-aged children. Whereas program eligibility was historically determined by family income, recent reforms allow schools to offer free meals to all students. This paper evaluates the effect of the Community Eligibility Provision, the largest schoolwide free meals program, on academic performance. I leverage within- and across-state variation in the timing of CEP participation and find universal free meals increases breakfast and lunch participation by 38 and 12 percent, respectively. Math performance improves in districts with baseline low free meal eligibility, particularly among racial/ethnic groups with low income-based participation rates.

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Journal of Human Resources: 58 (3)
Journal of Human Resources
Vol. 58, Issue 3
1 May 2023
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Universal Access to Free School Meals and Student Achievement: Evidence from the Community Eligibility Provision
Krista Ruffini
Journal of Human Resources Jan 2021, 0518-9509R3; DOI: 10.3368/jhr.57.3.0518-9509R3

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Universal Access to Free School Meals and Student Achievement: Evidence from the Community Eligibility Provision
Krista Ruffini
Journal of Human Resources Jan 2021, 0518-9509R3; DOI: 10.3368/jhr.57.3.0518-9509R3
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