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- Published online December 8, 2025.
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© 2025 by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System
Author Information
- Rowena Gray is an associate professor of economics at the University of California, Merced (email: rgray6{at}ucmerced.edu).
- Siobhan O’Keefe is an assistant professor of economics at Davidson College (email: siokeefe{at}davidson.edu).
- Sarah Quincy is an assistant professor of economics at Vanderbilt University and a Faculty Research Fellow at the National Bureau of Economic Research (email: sarah.quincy{at}vanderbilt.edu).
- Zachary Ward is an associate professor of economics at Baylor University and a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research (email: Zachary Ward{at}baylor.edu).






