PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Wang, Xintong
AU  - Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso
TI  - Conscription and Military Service
AID  - 10.3368/jhr.58.1.0418-9449R2
DP  - 2022 Sep 01
TA  - Journal of Human Resources
PG  - 1715--1757
VI  - 57
IP  - 5
4099  - http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/57/5/1715.short
4100  - http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/57/5/1715.full
SO  - J Hum Resour2022 Sep 01; 57
AB  - Employing nonparametric bounds, we examine the effect of military service on incarceration outcomes using the Vietnam draft lotteries as a possibly invalid instrumental variable for military service. The draft is allowed to have a direct effect on the outcomes independently of military service, disposing of the exclusion restriction. We find: (i) suggestive but not strong statistical evidence that the direct effect of the draft increases the incarceration rate for violent offenses for a particular cohort of draft avoiders and (ii) military service increases the incarceration rate for violent and nonviolent crimes of white volunteers and veterans in certain birth cohorts.