RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Endogenous Driving Behavior in Tests of Racial Profiling
JF Journal of Human Resources
JO J Hum Resour
FD University of Wisconsin Press
SP 0822-12513R1
DO 10.3368/jhr.0822-12513R1
A1 Jesse J. Kalinowski
A1 Matthew B. Ross
A1 Stephen L. Ross
YR 2023
UL http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/early/2023/01/05/jhr.0822-12513R1.abstract
AB African-American motorists may adjust their behavior in response to increased scrutiny by police biasing tests of discrimination that rely on the share of treated individuals who are minority, such as for traffic stops. We use the “Veil of Darkness” strategy to examine traffic fatalities and speeding infractions to detect such behavioral responses. In daylight, when race is more easily observable, African-American motorists are less likely to have fatal motor vehicle accidents. In Massachusetts and Tennessee, we find that stopped African-Americans motorists drove at slower speeds in daylight. Calibrations indicate that this behavior creates substantial bias in conventional tests of discrimination.