RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Natural Disasters and Early Human Development
JF Journal of Human Resources
JO J Hum Resour
FD University of Wisconsin Press
SP 819
OP 851
DO 10.3368/jhr.59.1.0816-8144R1
VO 58
IS 3
A1 Victor Hugo de Oliveira
A1 Ines Lee
A1 Climent Quintana-Domeque
YR 2023
UL http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/58/3/819.abstract
AB We study the impacts of in utero exposure to Hurricane Catarina of March 2004, the first hurricane to hit Brazil. Catarina was unexpected and is representative of other recent hurricanes in the Americas in terms of wind speed, direct economic costs, and population affected. We use a triple-differences strategy (close vs. far municipality, 2004 vs. 2003, after March vs. before) to highlight the importance of flexibly accounting for season of birth effects. We find that the adverse effects of exposure are concentrated among babies born to mothers 15–24 years old: birth weight decreased by 82 g, the probability of being born with low birth weight increased by 3.4 percentage points, and fetal deaths increased by about 17 per 1,000 live births and fetal deaths. Reductions in employment or healthcare use do not explain these impacts. Maternal stress is a plausible mechanism if younger women are more financially vulnerable to negative shocks, consistent with recent work highlighting the relationship between socioeconomic status, stress, and birth outcomes. Our findings are robust to various checks, including testing for pre-trends in infant health outcomes.