RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Estimating the Impact of Large Cigarette Tax Hikes JF Journal of Human Resources JO J Hum Resour FD University of Wisconsin Press SP 373 OP 392 DO 10.3368/jhr.XL.2.373 VO XL IS 2 A1 Lien, Diana S. A1 Evans, William N. YR 2005 UL http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/XL/2/373.abstract AB Using a statistical matching procedure to choose control groups, we find that four states that adopted large cigarette tax hikes had corresponding decreases in smoking participation of pregnant women. Using the tax hike as an instrument for smoking in birth-weight equations and pooling data across experiments, we find that smoking during pregnancy doubles the chance an infant is born with a low birth weight. Our estimates are similar to single-equation estimates where maternal smoking is treated as exogenous.