PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Altonji, Joseph G.
AU  - Elder, Todd E.
AU  - Taber, Christopher R.
TI  - An Evaluation of Instrumental Variable Strategies for Estimating the Effects of Catholic Schooling
AID  - 10.3368/jhr.XL.4.791
DP  - 2005 Oct 02
TA  - Journal of Human Resources
PG  - 791--821
VI  - XL
IP  - 4
4099  - http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/XL/4/791.short
4100  - http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/XL/4/791.full
SO  - J Hum Resour2005 Oct 02; XL
AB  - Several previous studies have relied on religious affiliation and the proximity to Catholic schools as exogenous sources of variation for identifying the effect of Catholic schooling on a wide variety of outcomes. Using three separate approaches, we examine the validity of these instrumental variables. We find that none of the candidate instruments is a useful source of identification in currently available data sets. We also investigate the role of exclusion restrictions versus nonlinearity as the source of identification in bivariate probit models. The analysis may be useful as a template for the assessment of instrumental variables strategies in other applications.