PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Greg J. Duncan
AU  - Aaron J. Sojourner
TI  - Can Intensive Early Childhood Intervention Programs Eliminate Income-Based Cognitive and Achievement Gaps?
AID  - 10.3368/jhr.48.4.945
DP  - 2013 Oct 02
TA  - Journal of Human Resources
PG  - 945--968
VI  - 48
IP  - 4
4099  - http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/48/4/945.short
4100  - http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/48/4/945.full
SO  - J Hum Resour2013 Oct 02; 48
AB  - How much of the income-based gaps in cognitive ability and academic achievement could be closed by a two-year, center-based early childhood education intervention? Data from the Infant Health and Development Program (IHDP), which randomly assigned treatment to low-birth-weight children from both higher- and low-income families between ages one and three, shows much larger impacts among low- than higher-income children. Projecting IHDP impacts to the U.S. population’s IQ and achievement trajectories suggests that such a program offered to low-income children would essentially eliminate the income-based gap at age three and between a third and three-quarters of the age five and age eight gaps.