TY - JOUR T1 - Wage Discrimination When Identity Is Subjective JF - Journal of Human Resources JO - J Hum Resour SP - 719 LP - 755 DO - 10.3368/jhr.52.3.0815-7340R1 VL - 52 IS - 3 AU - Christopher Cornwell AU - Jason Rivera AU - Ian M. Schmutte Y1 - 2017/07/01 UR - http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/52/3/719.abstract N2 - In Brazil, different employers report different racial classifications for the same worker. We use the variation in race across employers to estimate the relationship between race and wages. Workers whose reported race changes from nonwhite to white receive a wage increase; those who change from white to nonwhite realize a symmetric wage decrease. As much as 40 percent of the racial wage gap remains after controlling for all individual characteristics that do not change across jobs. We formally test, and reject, the hypothesis that our results are driven by misclassification. We also evaluate several mechanisms that could explain our findings. ER -