PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Pierre Cahuc AU - Stéphane Carcillo AU - Andreea Minea TI - The Difficult School-to-Work Transition of High School Dropouts AID - 10.3368/jhr.56.1.0617-8894R2 DP - 2021 Jan 01 TA - Journal of Human Resources PG - 159--183 VI - 56 IP - 1 4099 - http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/56/1/159.short 4100 - http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/56/1/159.full SO - J Hum Resour2021 Jan 01; 56 AB - We investigate the effects of the labor market experience of high school dropouts four years after leaving school by sending fictitious résumés to real job postings in France. Compared to those who have stayed unemployed since leaving school, the callback rate is not raised for those with employment experience, whether it is subsidized or nonsubsidized, if there is no training accompanied by skill certification. We find no stigma effect associated with subsidized work experience. Moreover, training accompanied by skill certification improves youth prospects only when the local unemployment rate is sufficiently low, which occurs in one-fifth of the commuting zones only.