Table 3

Summary Statistics for NELS:88 Respondents, by Eighth Grade Immigration

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All RespondentsEighth Grade Immigration Growth < 0Eighth Grade Immigration Growth ≥ 0Column 6 Minus Column 4
NMeanNMeanNMeanDifference
Personal characteristics
    Female19,660  0.50311,410  0.5038,250  0.504  9.1e–04
    Black19,660  0.13311,410  0.1298,250  0.139  1.0e–02**
    Hispanic19,660  0.08611,410  0.0348,250  0.157  0.124***
    Asian19,660  0.01611,410  0.0148,250  0.019  5.8e–03***
    American Indian19,660  0.01211,410  0.0138,250  0.012−1.2e–03
    Mother’s education (years)19,66013.311,41013.28,25013.4  0.211***
Attitudes in school
    1990: Education important for career13,190  0.627,940  0.6175,250  0.626  9.3e–03
    1990: Sure to graduate from high school14,100  0.8788,360  0.8835,740  0.871−0.012**
    1990: Sure to continue education after high school14,060  0.6368,340  0.6185,720  0.661  0.043***
Behaviors in school
    School attendance composite19,660  0.92111,410  0.9238,250  0.919−4.0e–03***
    Homework hours (out of school)13,780  4.368,190  4.165,590  4.65  0.488***
    Took Advanced Placement class12,700  0.3837,580  0.3495,120  0.433  0.084***
    Took vocational class12,680  0.1467,570  0.1645,110  0.119−0.045***
    Grades composite19,660  0.91711,410  0.9158,250  0.921  6.5e–03***
    Eighth grade test score percentile18,75052.510,93052.57,82052.4−8.2e–03
    12th grade test score percentile11,070546,84053.54,23054.7  1.11**
Educational attainment by age 26
    High school diploma receipt9,730  0.885,900  0.8843,830  0.874−0.01
    Ever attended postsecondary education9,740  0.795,900  0.7713,840  0.818  0.047***
    Postsecondary education credential9,740  0.4835,900  0.4773,840  0.493  0.016
    Bachelor’s degree or more education9,740  0.335,900  0.323,840  0.345  0.025**
Early career job: communication tasks (general)
    Read letters, memos, or reports8,320  0.4755,070  0.4643,260  0.493  0.029***
    Write letters, memos, or reports8,330  0.3145,070  0.313,260  0.319  8.7e–03
Early career job: computer and communication tasks
    Use a computer8,330  0.6755,070  0.6593,260  0.7  0.04***
    Use word processing6,720  0.4714,000  0.4512,730  0.5  0.049***
    Use email6,720  0.5214,000  0.5012,730  0.549  0.048***
    Use Internet6,720  0.3464,000  0.322,720  0.384  0.064***
Early career job: manual tasks
    Measure size or weight of objects8,330  0.2925,070  0.3063,260  0.271−0.036***
Out-migration
    Moved between eighth grade and age 269,690  0.3485,870  0.3613,820  0.329−0.032***

  • Notes:

  • ↵*** p < 0.01

  • ↵** p < 0.05

  • * p < 0.1. Data from the NELS:88. Sample sizes rounded to the nearest 10 for confidentiality restrictions. Educational attainment and work variables include only respondents in the final 2000 followup survey. Columns 1 and 2 describe the full sample. Columns 3 and 4 describe only respondents whose eighth grade commuting zones experienced reductions in their low-skilled immigrant populations between 1980 and 1990. Columns 5 and 6 describe only respondents whose eighth grade commuting zones experienced increases in their low-skilled immigrant populations between 1980 and 1990.