Table 2

Average Wealth Effects in Child Development and by Age Group

CognitiveReceptive LanguageExpressive Language
All6–18 Months19–30 Months31–42 MonthsAll6–18 Months19–30 Months31–42 MonthsAll6–18 Months19–30 Months31–42 Months
Wealth quartile 2 =10.213**
(0.078)		0.146
(0.128)		0.272+
(0.152)		0.225+
(0.117)		0.074
(0.063)		0.080
(0.127)		−0.041
(0.112)		0.147
(0.125)		0.064
(0.079)		−0.030
(0.123)		0.091
(0.129)		0.156
(0.134)
Wealth quartile 3 =10.297**
(0.073)		0.128
(0.143)		0.182
(0.120)		0.585**
(0.120)		0.163*
(0.068)		0.056
(0.144)		0.067
(0.117)		0.332*
(0.130)		0.192**
(0.065)		0.099
(0.142)		0.084
(0.118)		0.424**
(0.124)
Wealth quartile 4 =10.534**
(0.078)		0.258+
(0.136)		0.547**
(0.116)		0.812**
(0.134)		0.416**
(0.065)		0.203
(0.125)		0.302*
(0.124)		0.758**
(0.127)		0.494**
(0.074)		0.429**
(0.138)		0.409**
(0.121)		0.683**
(0.129)
Age (months)0.000
(0.003)		0.005
(0.012)		0.007
(0.014)		0.005
(0.015)		0.001
(0.002)		0.009
(0.011)		0.005
(0.014)		−0.004
(0.013)		0.000
(0.003)		−0.015
(0.012)		−0.007
(0.012)		−0.002
(0.015)
Female =10.190**
(0.053)		0.235*
(0.098)		0.155+
(0.086)		0.246**
(0.089)		0.181**
(0.055)		0.104
(0.089)		0.304**
(0.085)		0.186+
(0.095)		0.317**
(0.056)		0.208*
(0.097)		0.380**
(0.092)		0.409**
(0.099)
p-value(F-test: Q2 = Q4)0.000.380.050.000.000.330.010.000.000.000.010.00
p-value(F-test: Q3 = Q4)0.000.360.000.070.000.250.040.000.000.070.010.05
p-value(F-test: testers)0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.010.000.000.000.03
N      1330      451      460      419      1330      451      460      419      1329      450      460      419
R2 adjusted0.100.090.100.170.120.220.100.110.110.120.090.11
Fine MotorGross MotorSocioemotional
All6–18
Months		19–30
Months		31–42
Months		All6–18
Months		19–30
Months		31–42
Months		All6–18
Months		19–30
Months		31–42
Months
Wealth quartile 2 =10.117
(0.079)		0.137
(0.131)		0.144
(0.136)		0.037
(0.146)		−0.040
(0.078)		−0.181
(0.127)		0.039
(0.125)		0.028
(0.150)		0.116
(0.076)		0.167
(0.133)		0.127
(0.144)		0.071
(0.156)
Wealth quartile 3 =10.173*
(0.068)		0.142
(0.123)		0.046
(0.115)		0.324*
(0.138)		0.008
(0.077)		−0.237+
(0.140)		−0.014
(0.133)		0.299*
(0.129)		0.190*
(0.076)		0.241
(0.146)		0.135
(0.121)		0.224+
(0.132)
Wealth quartile 4 =10.262**
(0.078)		0.251*
(0.122)		0.132
(0.114)		0.402**
(0.139)		−0.048
(0.079)		−0.257+
(0.139)		−0.023
(0.109)		0.139
(0.146)		0.272**
(0.075)		0.299*
(0.137)		0.204+
(0.122)		0.382**
(0.119)
Age (months)−0.001
(0.003)		0.005
(0.010)		0.002
(0.015)		−0.005
(0.015)		0.002
(0.003)		0.013
(0.014)		−0.003
(0.014)		−0.010
(0.016)		0.001
(0.002)		−0.022+
(0.012)		−0.065**
(0.013)		−0.032*
(0.015)
Female =10.299**
(0.054)		0.332**
(0.099)		0.306**
(0.082)		0.255**
(0.096)		−0.024
(0.045)		−0.100
(0.088)		0.083
(0.088)		−0.022
(0.091)		0.125*
(0.054)		0.111
(0.088)		0.067
(0.083)		0.233*
(0.100)
p-value(F-test: Q2 = Q4)0.060.350.930.010.930.600.600.470.060.290.540.07
p-value(F-test: Q3 = Q4)0.240.400.470.590.470.880.950.220.290.660.540.22
p-value(F-test: testers)0.000.000.000.030.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
N      1327      450      458      419      1325      450      458      417      1330      451      460      419
R2 adjusted0.080.130.080.050.050.020.100.060.080.070.120.10

  • ↵Notes: +significant at the 10 percent; *significant at the 5 percent; **significant at the 1 percent. SE clustered at the neighborhood level (primary sampling unit) in parantheses. P-value (F-test: Q2=Q4) and p-value(F-test: Q3=Q4) are the p-values of the F-test of equality of the coefficients on the second and fourth wealth quartiles, and on the third and fourth wealth quartiles, respectively. P-value(F-test: testers) is the p-value of the test of joint significance of all tester dummies.