Table 1

Poisson Estimates of Effect of County-Level K–12 Foot Traffic on Youth and Young Adult Suicides 2019 vs. 2020

	Youth Ages 12–18				Young Adults Ages 19–25
	2019		2020		2019		2020
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)
K–12 foot traffic	0.169^**	0.166^**	0.219^***	0.234^***	0.0454	0.0489	−0.0308	−0.0438
	(0.0687)	(0.0693)	(0.0604)	(0.0879)	(0.0423)	(0.0429)	(0.0361)	(0.0486)
Restaurant–bar foot traffic		−0.0558		0.110		0.0640		0.0731
		(0.0747)		(0.153)		(0.0551)		(0.0570)
Any COVID deaths				0.0555				0.0235
				(0.0549)				(0.0455)
County death rate				1.633^***				0.287
				(0.594)				(0.534)
Observations	37,704	37,704	37,704	37,704	37,704	37,704	37,704	37,704
County fixed effects?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Restaurant–bar foot traffic?	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes
COVID-19 deaths?	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	Yes

Notes: Standard errors are clustered at the state level. Each regression uses population in each county times the number of days in a month as an exposure variable. COVID-19 deaths are coded as zero until the first documented COVID-19 related deaths, which occurred in March 2020. ^*p < 0.1, ^**p < 0.05, ^***p < 0.01.