Table 5

Difference-in-Differences Estimates by Local School Opening Level (INPC)

	Boys	Boys	Girls	Girls
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
Panel A: Fixed-Effect Poisson Coefficient Estimates
Pandemic	−0.200^***	−0.251^***	−0.0732	−0.121^*
	(0.0426)	(0.0160)	(0.0499)	(0.0696)
Pandemic × Medium		0.144^**		0.213^*
		(0.0695)		(0.116)
Pandemic × High		0.0439		−0.00150
		(0.0873)		(0.111)
Observations	16,359	16,169	13,509	13,376
Panel B: Overall Percent Changes
Pandemic	−0.181^***		−0.0706
	(0.0349)		(0.0464)
Low opening		−0.222^***		−0.114^*
		(0.0124)		(0.0617)
Medium opening		−0.101^*		0.0957
		(0.0609)		(0.105)
High opening		−0.187^***		−0.115
		(0.0665)		(0.0739)
Observations	16,359	16,169	13,509	13,376

Notes: Standard errors in parentheses. ^* p < 0.10, ^** p < 0.05, ^*** p < 0.01. This table presents difference-in-differences estimates by county school opening levels. Panel A presents Poisson regression coefficients. Panel B presents the percent change for each group by exponentiating the appropriate sum of coefficients and subtracting one. The 95 percent confidence intervals are derived using the delta method. Standard errors are clustered at the county by cohort level.