table 2

Natality and Student Data Correlations for the 1981–83 Birth Cohort: TSP and the Manufacturing Instrument

(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)
Mother CharacteristicsStudent Characteristics
AgeBlackWhitePrenatalMaleBlackHispanicAsianSpecial EducationEconomic Distribution
Panel A: Correlation between ambient TSPs and natality and TAAS demographic data
TSP−0.0002−0.00020.0003**0.00380.00020.0008**−0.00010.00000.0004−0.0004
(0.0037)(0.0001)(0.0001)(0.0041)(0.0004)(0.0004)(0.0006)(0.0003)(0.0005)(0.0005)
Panel B: Correlation between the manufacturing instrument and natality and TAAS demographic data
Instrument0.0037−0.00010.00010.0111***−0.00130.00060.0020−0.0001−0.00140.0000
(0.0052)(0.0004)(0.0003)(0.0039)(0.0010)(0.0005)(0.0013)(0.0005)(0.0018)(0.0008)

Notes: Regressions are based on the 30 counties used in the primary analysis with standard errors clustered on county. Regressions with mother characteristic outcomes use data from the National Vital Statistics Natality data, control for county and year of birth fixed effects, and are weighted by the number of total live births. Mother characteristic regressions are not based on specifically the mothers of students in the main regression, as those data are not available, and include: average age of observed mothers, probability that mother is black, probability that mother is white, and first month in which prenatal care was used. Student characteristics regressions use demographic information from the TAAS data, control for school and year of birth fixed effects, are weighted by the number of students, and include: probability that a student is white, black, Hispanic, Asian, classified as special education, or economically disadvantaged (on free or reduced price lunch). “Instrument” refers to the manufacturing instrument (the ratio of manufacturing employment to all other employment in the year of birth) discussed in Section V. * significant at 10 percent; ** significant at 5 percent; *** significant at 1 percent.