OLS Regressions (10–15-year-old age group)
| 2+ Sample | 3+ Sample | 3+ Sample First-borns | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | |
| Labor force participation | ||||||
| Family size | 0.024*** | 0.011*** | 0.023*** | 0.009*** | 0.025*** | 0.010*** |
| (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
| Second child | 0.000 | 0.003*** | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| (0.002) | (0.001) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |||
| N | 148,106 | 139,214 | 145,156 | 138,689 | 92,182 | 87,556 |
| Household chore activities | ||||||
| Family size | 0.001*** | 0.018*** | 0.002*** | 0.020*** | 0.002*** | 0.022*** |
| 0.000 | (0.001) | 0.000 | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
| Second child | −0.002*** | −0.002 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |||
| N | 129,716 | 133,054 | 126,351 | 132,328 | 78,106 | 82,784 |
| Attendance | ||||||
| Family size | −0.033*** | −0.026*** | −0.036*** | −0.029*** | −0.037*** | −0.031*** |
| (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
| Second child | 0.016*** | 0.005*** | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |||
| N | 148,106 | 139,214 | 145,156 | 138,689 | 92,182 | 87,556 |
| School progression | ||||||
| Family size | −0.036*** | −0.036*** | −0.037*** | −0.040*** | −0.037*** | −0.039*** |
| (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
| Second child | 0.000 | 0.004*** | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |||
| N | 148,019 | 139,158 | 145,091 | 138,643 | 92,124 | 87,519 |
| Literacy | ||||||
| Family size | −0.029*** | −0.020*** | −0.037*** | −0.029*** | −0.033*** | −0.025*** |
| (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
| Second child | 0.018*** | 0.014*** | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |||
| N | 148,106 | 139,214 | 145,156 | 138,689 | 92,182 | 87,556 |
Robust standard errors in parenthesis. School Progression ≡ education/(age-6).
Sample: Children aged in ∈ [10,15] living with two adults (the mother and her husband). Control variables: Year and state dummies; head’s schooling, gender and age; mother’s schooling and age; child’s age, squared age and gender; dummy variable if the family lives in urban areas and if the family lives in metropolitan areas.