Table 9

Between‐Group Comparison of Class Behaviors

	First Round			Second Round
In‐Class Discipline and Attention	Treatment Classes	Control Classes	Mean Differences	Treatment Classes	Control Classes	Mean Differences
Unpermitted talking	3.225	3.867	−0.642^**	3.392	6.857	−3.465^***
Pranking	3.094	3.909	−0.815^***	3.165	6.304	−3.139^***
Reading comics	0.741	0.170	0.571^***	0.997	1.556	−0.558^*
Sleeping	0.250	0.088	0.162^***	1.125	1.472	−0.347
Tardiness	0.106	0.062	0.043^**	1.108	1.497	−0.388
In‐class attention	1.547	1.489	0.059	1.693	1.503	0.190^***

Notes: The measurement for talking without permission, pranking, reading comic books in class, sleeping in class, and tardiness is frequency per week. In‐class attention is measured on three levels; that is, 0 = mostly cannot pay attention, 1 = not sure, or 2 = mostly can pay attention. Significance: ^*p < 0.1, ^**p < 0.05, ^***p < 0.01.