Table 2

Descriptive Statistics of Treatment and Control Classes

	Treatment Classes			Control Classes
Variables	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean Differences
Average baseline score	55.112	18.418	790	55.260	19.308	799	−0.148
Noncognitive Skills
Openness	0.015	1.018	775	−0.015	0.982	783	0.030
Conscientiousness	0.011	1.026	775	−0.012	0.977	783	0.023
Extraversion	−0.011	1.018	775	0.013	0.985	783	−0.024
Agreeableness	−0.049	1.040	775	0.049	0.957	783	−0.098^*
Neuroticism	0.074	1.011	775	−0.077	0.035	783	0.151^***
Individual Characteristics
Gender (1 = male, 0 = female)	0.568	0.496	790	0.573	0.495	799	−0.005
Age (year)	9.501	1.070	790	9.503	1.009	799	−0.002
Height (cm)	135.306	11.621	790	134.585	9.463	799	0.722

Data source: Experimental data.
Notes: Noncognitive skills are standardized to have a mean of zero and SD of one. Significance: ^*p < 0.1, ^***p < 0.01.