Table 2

Comparison of Mean Characteristics

	Female Students				Male Students
	Female Teachers	Male Teachers	P-value	N	Female Teachers	Male Teachers	P-value	N
Panel A: Student Characteristics
Married parent	0.903	0.899	0.673	10,326	0.901	0.893	0.315	10,059
	(0.007)	(0.006)			(0.006)	(0.007)
Dad w/ BA or higher	0.263	0.223	0.086	10,073	0.269	0.223	0.115	9,751
	(0.022)	(0.023)			(0.021)	(0.025)
Mom w/ BA or higher	0.143	0.126	0.338	10,135	0.145	0.119	0.270	9,688
	(0.017)	(0.018)			(0.016)	(0.020)
Parents own home	0.711	0.732	0.264	10,476	0.716	0.748	0.033	10,202
	(0.015)	(0.016)			(0.013)	(0.013)
Internet access at home	0.916	0.912	0.616	10,272	0.907	0.903	0.580	9,939
	(0.006)	(0.007)			(0.006)	(0.007)
Standardized test score	0.114	0.057	0.181	11,925	−0.100	−0.089	0.827	12,306
	(0.030)	(0.044)			(0.037)	(0.042)
Panel B: Teacher Characteristics
Teacher age	36.2	35.8	0.515	15,719	43.0	43.6	0.569	8,406
	(0.575)	(0.567)			(0.963)	(0.811)
Teacher experience (year)	11.8	11.4	0.524	15,265	17.0	18.0	0.414	8,315
	(0.605)	(0.614)			(0.975)	(0.952)
Teacher college graduate	0.759	0.736	0.467	15,794	0.633	0.614	0.777	8,406
	(0.030)	(0.030)			(0.063)	(0.048)
Graduate degree teacher	0.207	0.204	0.923	15,794	0.454	0.401	0.382	8,406
	(0.029)	(0.032)			(0.052)	(0.057)
Homeroom teacher	0.787	0.824	0.216	15,672	0.601	0.660	0.318	8,319
	(0.030)	(0.024)			(0.049)	(0.048)
Regular full-time teacher	0.956	0.962	0.518	15,647	0.967	0.980	0.633	8,360
	(0.013)	(0.011)			(0.022)	(0.015)

Notes: Each p-value is for a test of equality of means. Standard errors in parentheses are clustered at the school level.