Table 2

Effect of birth order on male probability (births 1975–92): linear probability model results

	Dependent variable: child is male
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Second birth	0.020^*** (0.002)	0.023^*** (0.002)	0.022^*** (0.002)	0.019^*** (0.002)	0.020^*** (0.002)	0.020^*** (0.002)
Third (or higher order) birth	0.039^*** (0.004)	0.044^*** (0.004)	0.044^*** (0.004)	0.042^*** (0.004)	0.042^*** (0.004)	0.043^*** (0.004)
Individual controls	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
County fixed effects	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Year (of conception) fixed effects	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Provincial controls	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes
County-specific linear time trends	No	No	No	No	No	Yes
Observations	298,616	298,616	298,616	298,616	288,740	288,740
R-squared	0.0008	0.0012	0.0031	0.0034	0.0033	0.0051

Note: Individual controls include mother’s ethnicity, education, maternal age at conception and its squared term, gestation length and indicators for the timing of initial prenatal care visits. County fixed effects are separate indicator variables for each county. Year fixed effects are indicators that allow for unrestricted differences in year-to-year changes. Reported in parentheses are standard errors clustered by county.
* denotes statistical significance at the 10 percent level,
** at the 5 percent level,
↵*** at the 1 percent level.