Examples of trade sanctions before countries reported evidence of an outbreak
| Date | Disease | Location | Sanction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sanctions imposed even before animal outbreaks | |||
| 2005 | Highly pathogenic avian influenza | Not specific | Vietnam bans imports of poultry from 16 countries |
| 2006 | Highly pathogenic avian influenza | France | Poultry consumption falls 20 percent in France |
| 2006 | Highly pathogenic avian influenza | Bulgaria | Poultry sales falls 60 percent in Bulgaria |
| Sanctions imposed before any human outbreak | |||
| 1997 | Highly pathogenic avian influenza | Hong Kong | Hong Kong kills 1.5 million chickens |
| 2001 | Foot and mouth disease | United Kingdom | U.K. tourism and beef industries lose £ 3 billion |
| 2003 | Avian influenza | United States | U.S. poultry exports may have fallen 3 percent |
| 2003 | Mad cow disease | United States | U.S. beef exports fall 80 percent |
| 2003–2005 | Highly pathogenic avian influenza | Southeast Asia | Southeast Asian economies lose $12 billion in output (Thailand, $1 billion; Vietnam, 1.8 percent of GDP); outside the region poultry prices up 20 percent, volume down 8 percent |
| 2005 | Highly pathogenic avian influenza | Not specific | U.S. bans poultry imports from all countries reporting animal outbreaks |
| 2006 | Highly pathogenic avian influenza | Italy | Poultry consumption falls 70 percent in Italy |
Sources: Blayney 2005; “Poultry from British Columbia” 2005