Change in Log(Share of Male Immigrants Selecting a City)
| OLS (1) | IV (2) | IV (3) | IV (4) | IV (5) | IV (6) | IV (7) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change in native female employment rate | −0.0359* (0.0198) | −0.203*** (0.0589) | −0.224*** (0.0588) | −0.132*** (0.0312) | 0.114*** (0.0321) | −0.0775*** (0.0269) | −0.0661** (0.0262) |
| Change in decade average employment growth rate | 0.287*** (0.0624) | 0.111*** (0.0363) | 0.0809** (0.0397) | 0.0374 (0.0379) | −0.00243 (0.0403) | ||
| Immigrant share of MSA population, 1990 | −0.0538*** (0.00536) | −0.0493*** (0.00526) | −0.0391*** (0.00578) | −0.0339*** (0.00635) | |||
| Change in average increase in log(real minimum wage) | 1.109** (0.496) | 0.866* (0.445) | −0.685 (0.812) | ||||
| Change in log(share of immigrants – college degree) | 0.530*** (0.158) | 0.568*** (0.151) | |||||
| Maximum cash benefit, family of three | −0.0563 (0.0421) | ||||||
| Change in percent of low-skilled female immigrants receiving welfare | 0.0138 (0.0162) | ||||||
| MSA in state that restored Food Stamp benefits | −0.328*** (0.102) | ||||||
| MSA in state that restored TANF benefits | 0.120 (0.164) | ||||||
| MSA in state that restored Medicaid benefits | −0.486*** (0.146) | ||||||
| MSA in state that restored SSI benefits | 0.380*** (0.144) | ||||||
| Constant | 0.718*** (0.0993) | 1.279*** (0.198) | 1.508*** (0.221) | 1.538*** (0.139) | 1.103*** (0.248) | 0.849*** (0.212) | 1.670*** (0.408) |
| Number of Cities | 156 | 156 | 156 | 156 | 156 | 156 | 156 |
| First Stage Coefficient | 0.442 | 0.413 | 0.487 | 0.474 | 0.446 | 0.436 | |
| First Stage F-stat | 25.51 | 27.44 | 50.05 | 41.98 | 30.67 | 31.86 |
Robust standard errors in parentheses
↵*** p<0.01,
↵** p<0.05,
↵* p<0.1
Notes: Shares are calculated among immigrants meeting the selection criteria from Table 2. The excluded instrument is the female welfare participation rate in 1990. Immigrant shares are calculated using person-level weights. The regressions are unweighted.