Table 5

Effects of Educational Expansion on Mortality by Cause of Death

Outcome	Cancer (1)	Circulatory (2)	Preventable (3)	Treatable (4)
Panel A: Full Sample
AFTER	0.002^*	0.002	0.001	0.000
AFTER	[0.001]	[0.001]	[0.001]	[0.001]
AFTERTREAT*	−0.001	0.004^*	−0.001	0.001
AFTERTREAT*	[0.002]	[0.002]	[0.002]	[0.001]
Sample size	3,240	3,240	3,240	3,240
R²	0.483	0.777	0.176	0.437
Panel B: Seven-Day Donut Sample
AFTER	0.003^**	0.002	0.001	0.000
AFTER	[0.001]	[0.002]	[0.001]	[0.001]
AFTERTREAT*	−0.002	0.006^***	−0.001	0.001
AFTERTREAT*	[0.002]	[0.002]	[0.002]	[0.001]
Sample size	3,114	3,114	3,114	3,114
R²	0.489	0.781	0.181	0.437
Panel C: 14-Day Donut Sample
AFTER	0.004^***	0.003^**	0.001	0.000
AFTER	[0.001]	[0.002]	[0.001]	[0.001]
AFTERTREAT*	−0.003	0.004^*	−0.001	0.002
AFTERTREAT*	[0.002]	[0.002]	[0.002]	[0.001]
Sample size	2,988	2,988	2,988	2,988
R²	0.494	0.782	0.178	0.438

↵Notes: Individual observations for cohorts born from mid-1944 to mid-1953 in the 1992 census collapsed to the day-of-birth level. Outcome variables are defined as in Table 1. AFTER is an indicator that equals one for individuals born after January 1. TREAT is an indicator that equals one for cohorts who experienced the education expansion during 1945–1950. Local linear regressions use triangular kernels and include saturated controls for day of birth interacted with AFTER and TREAT. All specifications use a bandwidth of 180 days. We use the ICD 10 codes for defining cancer (Chapter C) and circulatory diseases (Chapter I). Treatable causes of death (see ICD 10) include: Tuberculosis (A15–A19. B90), Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri (C53); Chronic rheumatic heart disease (I05–I09); All respiratory diseases (J00–J99); Asthma (J45, J46); Appendicitis (K35–K38); Abdominal hernia (K40–K46); Hypertensive and cerebrovascular disease (I10–I15, I60–I69); Chollelthiasis and cholecystitis (K80–K81). Finally, the preventable causes of death include: Lung cancer (C33–C34), Cirrhosis of liver (K70, K74.3–K74.6), and External causes of death (V, W, X, Y). Heteroskedasticity-robust standard errors are in parentheses. Significance: *p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.