Regressions of Agricultural Practices on Improved Skill Subconstructs
| Skills | Mineral Fertilizer | Manure | Hybrid Seeds | Multiple Weeding | Hiring Labor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive skills (IRT) | 0.01 | 0.03 | -0.00 | -0.04* | 0.01 |
| (0.019) | (0.018) | (0.021) | (0.023) | (0.024) | |
| NC Factor 1 | 0.01 | -0.00 | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.00 |
| (CESD) | (0.012) | (0.011) | (0.012) | (0.013) | (0.016) |
| NC Factor 2 | 0.00 | 0.02* | 0.01 | 0.04*** | -0.02 |
| (Conscientiousness/tenacity) | (0.014) | (0.013) | (0.015) | (0.015) | (0.015) |
| NC Factor 3 | 0.01 | 0.00 | -0.01 | -0.01 | 0.02 |
| (LOC/metacog/openness) | (0.014) | (0.018) | (0.014) | (0.015) | (0.019) |
| NC Factor 4 | 0.00 | -0.05** | 0.01 | -0.00 | 0.02 |
| (Causes of poverty, negative items) | (0.014) | (0.019) | (0.020) | (0.021) | (0.019) |
| NC Factor 5 | 0.01 | -0.00 | 0.03** | 0.02 | 0.03** |
| (Attitude towards change/LOC_va) | (0.013) | (0.016) | (0.014) | (0.014) | (0.015) |
| NC Factor 6 | 0.02 | 0.02** | -0.00 | 0.02 | -0.01 |
| (CESD positive/self-esteem/risk av.) | (0.014) | (0.012) | (0.013) | (0.014) | (0.015) |
| Technical skills (IRT) | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04*** | 0.00 | 0.04** |
| (0.013) | (0.017) | (0.015) | (0.015) | (0.017) | |
| Observations | 890 | 890 | 890 | 890 | 890 |
| R2 | 0.522 | 0.325 | 0.377 | 0.315 | 0.274 |
| Mean | 0.679 | 0.606 | 0.460 | 0.576 | 0.564 |
| R2 adj. | 0.432 | 0.199 | 0.261 | 0.187 | 0.139 |
| R2 adj. (w/o controls) | 0.054 | -0.001 | 0.090 | 0.023 | 0.019 |
| F-test (cog.) | 0.703 | 0.154 | 0.844 | 0.085 | 0.763 |
| F-test (noncog.) | 0.548 | 0.127 | 0.120 | 0.004 | 0.123 |
| F-test (tech.) | 0.154 | 0.529 | 0.006 | 0.984 | 0.034 |
| Test NC diff. | 0.958 | 0.092 | 0.338 | 0.035 | 0.163 |
Notes: Dependent variables are the averages of binary variables calculated over the four seasons (short rain 14 to long rain 16). Controls include education, literacy, gender, age and age squared of the farmer, land and cattle ownership, size and quality of the house, household size, whether the farmer is the household head, household head’s gender, village fixed effects, and enumerator-assignment fixed effects. IRT is item response theory. NC is noncognitive. Standard errors clustered at village level in parentheses. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.