Table 2

Mobile Money Usage and Agent Distribution between 2010 and 2012

	2010		2012
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Panel A: Distribution of Agents
Agent availability (indicator)	0.166	0.372	0.519	0.500
Distance to nearest agent (km)	23.998	37.193	6.162	11.241
Cost to nearest agent (2000 TZS)	1.850	3.037	0.667	1.316
Agent availability (indicators):
2-km radius	0.272	0.445	0.598	0.490
5-km radius	0.394	0.489	0.675	0.468
10-km radius	0.521	0.500	0.816	0.387
15-km radius	0.571	0.495	0.873	0.333
20-km radius	0.616	0.487	0.899	0.301
Panel B: Household Mobile Money Composition
Mobile money (indicator)	0.107	0.309	0.322	0.467
Mobile money accounts per capita	0.032	0.119	0.105	0.232
Mobile money companies used:
M-Pesa	0.103	0.304	0.228	0.420
Z-Pesa	0.003	0.055	0.003	0.058
Zap	0.003	0.058	0.040	0.196
Tigo			0.130	0.336
Panel C: Frequency of Use
Occasional (emergency)	0.624	0.485	0.554	0.497
Half-yearly	0.016	0.126	0.023	0.149
Quarterly	0.088	0.284	0.049	0.217
Monthly	0.144	0.352	0.182	0.386
Fortnightly	0.052	0.222	0.051	0.219
Weekly	0.060	0.238	0.096	0.295
Daily	0.016	0.126	0.045	0.208
Panel D: Use by Transaction Type
Buy airtime	0.085	0.279	0.082	0.275
Send airtime	0.004	0.064	0.004	0.063
Send money	0.375	0.485	0.310	0.463
Receive money	0.435	0.497	0.497	0.500
Receive payment for sales	0.008	0.090	0.020	0.141
Save for emergency	0.032	0.177	0.031	0.173
Daily expense	0.060	0.239	0.047	0.212
Large purchase			0.008	0.090

Notes: Number of observations: 2,338 households. In Panel A, we present information on the distribution of mobile money agents across communities over the two waves. Agent availability is an indicator variable for the presence of an agent within the enumeration area. Cost to nearest agent is calculated based on travel cost given in the LSMS-ISA survey. Agent availability is also presented for different radiuses around the village center. Panel B of the table reports summary statistics of mobile money accounts used by the households across the two surveys. The first entry reports the fraction of households with at least one mobile money account. The second entry reports number of mobile money accounts per capita, and lastly we report the different service providers adopted by households (MM provider Tigo was not yet operational in 2010). Panel C presents the frequency of use of mobile money services as a fraction of adopter households by year. Panel D reports the most frequent uses of mobile money services. This shows the overall most important uses of mobile money services by users as a fraction of all adopter households by year. In the 2010 LSMS-ISA survey wave “large purchase” was not listed as possible answer.