Depression and Risk-Taking Behaviors in the Health Domain
| Smoker | Smoker | Poor Diet | Poor Diet | Sedentary | Sedentary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression | 0.162*** (0.012) | 0.103*** (0.012) | 0.094*** (0.010) | 0.105*** (0.010) | 0.202*** (0.024) | 0.177*** (0.024) |
| Average partial effect: | ||||||
| Pr(Y = 1) | 0.058*** (0.004) | 0.033*** (0.004) | –0.015*** (0.002) | –0.016*** (0.001) | 0.078*** (0.009) | 0.064*** (0.009) |
| Pr(Y = 2) | –0.023*** (0.002) | –0.024*** (0.002) | ||||
| Pr(Y = 3) | 0.026*** (0.003) | 0.027*** (0.003) | ||||
| Pr(Y = 4) | 0.012*** (0.001) | 0.012*** (0.001) | ||||
| Controls | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
| Obs. | 118,999 | 118,999 | 96,172 | 96,172 | 15,045 | 15,045 |
| Persons | 38,287 | 38,287 | 33,915 | 33,915 | 15,045 | 15,045 |
| Pseudo R2 | 0.003 | 0.112 | 0.001 | 0.042 | 0.004 | 0.068 |
↵Notes: SOEPv33.1i 2002-2016. Smoker = 1 if current smoker. Mean = 0.308. Poor diet is a categorical variable (1–4 scale) indicating agreement to the statement that they follow a health-conscious diet (1 = strongly agree, 4 = not at all). The distribution from 1–4 is 0.092, 0.419, 0.429, and 0.060. Sedentary = 1 if participates in sports/exercise less than once per week. Mean = 0.581. Controls include: sex, age, age2, log monthly household income, own and parents’ upper secondary education or higher, household type (single person, couple without children, single parent, couple with children <16y, couple with children 16y+, couple with children <16y and 16y+, multigeneration, other combination [ref. group]), German born, and year dummies. Average partial effects are the sample mean change in the predicted probability when going from Depression = 1 to Depression = 0. For Poor diet, the average partial effects are the change in predicted probability for each of the four possible responses. Standard errors are in parentheses and are clustered at the individual level. Standard errors for average partial effects are calculated using the delta method. ***p < 0.01.