Table 2

Military Death Rates and Pre-War Characteristics

Dependent Variable: Military Death Rate
(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)
FLFP−0.15***
[0.05]		0.03
[0.03]		−0.06
[0.07]		−0.01
[0.07]
Rural0.12***
[0.01]		0.12***
[0.01]		0.11***
[0.03]		0.16***
[0.04]
Born in dép.0.12***
[0.03]		0.13***
[0.03]		0.15***
[0.04]		0.11*
[0.06]
Other characteristicsNoNoNoYesYes
Military region FENoNoNoNoYes
Départements8787878787
Adj. R20.1200.7390.7390.7900.838

  • Notes: This table reports OLS estimates from regressing military death rates on pre-war département characteristics measured in 1911, otherwise noted. FLFP denotes female labor force participation in percent; Rural, the share of rural population in percent; Born in dép, the share of population born in the département in percent. Other characteristics consist of population in thousands, population density per km2, average age, average height of 1911 conscripts in cm, the share of active population in industry in percent, km of roads and km of rails per km2 in 1913, the share of cultivated land in 1912 in percent, personal wealth in 1908, banking deposits, and direct taxes in francs per inhabitant, the share of 1911 conscripts that could read and write and with primary education in percent, the minimum distance to the war in km, the share of students in religious schools in 1906 in percent, and turnout in 1914 in percent. Robust standard errors are in brackets. Significance:

  • ↵* p < 0.10,

  • ↵*** p < 0.01.