Table 5

OLS Estimations with Variations on Ethnic Group Isolation Metric

	Weighted Average Overage across All Industries
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Panel A: Baseline Estimation without Controls
Inverse of log ethnic group size (small groups have larger values)	0.582***	0.718***	0.466***	0.507***	0.488***	0.624***
	(0.076)	(0.103)	(0.070)	(0.086)	(0.084)	(0.118)
Isolation of ethnic group using in-marriage rate in United States	0.325***					0.331***
	(0.076)					(0.109)
Residential segregation in the United States		0.302***				0.030
		(0.066)				(0.112)
Genetic distance (country)			0.153**			0.189**
			(0.071)			(0.081)
Linguistic distance (country)				0.054		−0.081
				(0.047)		(0.075)
Religious distance (country)					0.151**	0.051
					(0.076)	(0.086)
Adjusted A’-squaied value	0.373	0.325	0.288	0.271	0.288	0.415
Observations	131	131	131	113	113	112
Panel B: Including Controls for Ethnic Group’s Traits
Inverse of log ethnic group size (small groups have larger values)	0.465***	0.597***	0.378***	0.302***	0.303***	0.440***
	(0.079)	(0.103)	(0.077)	(0.084)	(0.086)	(0.104)
Isolation of ethnic group using in-marriage rate in United States	0.447***					0.439***
	(0.094)					(0.125)
Residential segregation in the United States		0.335***				0.063
		(0.078)				(0.110)
Genetic distance (country)			0.103			0.115
			(0.082)			(0.094)
Linguistic distance (country)				0.110*		−0.019
				(0.056)		(0.067)
Religious distance (country)					0.149	0.060
					(0.102)	(0.113)
Adjusted R-squared value	0.455	0.394	0.349	0.392	0.391	0.509
Observations	131	131	131	113	113	112

Notes: See Table 1. Column 1 repeats the baseline estimation with social isolation measured through the 2000 in-marriage rate for the ethnic group. Column 2 uses average residential segregation of ethnic group across Public Use Micro Areas within Metropolitan Statistical Areas that have two or more PUMAs. Columns 3–6 use the average genetic, linguistic, and religious distances from home countries to the weighted ethnic composition of the United States as measured by Spolaore and Wacziarg (2016). Columns 3–6 cluster standard errors by 120 groups from the Spolaore and Wacziarg data.