The Effect of the Reforms on Parent Schooling: First Stage
| Dependent Variable: Parental Schooling | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Blacks in Zimbabwe | Placebo: Other Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa | ||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | |
| Panel A: Mothers Sample | |||
| 1{Ai ≤ 15} | 0.819*** [0.216] | 0.816*** [0.210] | 0.154 [0.133] |
| Control for rain? | No | Yes | No |
| F-test | 14.44 | 15.10 | 1.33 |
| p-value | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.266 |
| Observations | 91,480 | 91,480 | 1,833,418 |
| Panel B: Fathers Sample | |||
| 1{Ai ≤ 15} | 0.683*** [0.133] | 0.682*** [0.123] | 0.109 [0.090] |
| Control for rain? | No | Yes | No |
| F-test | 26.40 | 30.81 | 1.46 |
| p-value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.246 |
| Observations | 50,026 | 50,026 | 1,666,480 |
↵Notes: Each cell represents an estimate from a separate regression. Cluster-robust standard errors appear below the estimates in brackets. Clustering is at parent year of birth, that is, parent age in 1980. All regressions include linear splines in parent age (coefficients not shown). Rainfall data is standardized with reference to the period 1959–2001. Columns 1 and 2 use data from the 2002 Zimbabwe population census. Column 3 combines 11 population censuses circa 2002 from other Sub-Saharan African countries; see text for details. Statistical significance: *p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.