Table 5 Effects of Conferences on Articles’ Visibility: Google Scholar Outcomes (Four Years after 2012 Conferences)
2012 × APSA
Outcomes
≥1 Citation≥2 Citations≥5 Citations≥10 Citations
SampleArticle Controls(1)(2)(3)(4)n
(1)AllNone

–0.0660

[0.0283]**

–0.0542

[0.0260]**

–0.0297

[0.0223]

–0.0249

[0.0191]

15,144

(2)AllArticle covariates and affiliation fixed effects

–0.0567

[0.0282]**

–0.0435

[0.0259]*

–0.0230

[0.0222]

–0.0202

[0.0191]

15,082

(3)AllArticle covariates and author fixed effects

–0.0913

[0.0362]**

–0.0741

[0.0325]**

–0.0364

[0.0293]

–0.0378

[0.0255]

20,773

(4)Exc. if in both conferencesArticle covariates and affiliation fixed effects

–0.0576

[0.0289]**

–0.0400

[0.0266]

–0.0194

[0.0229]

–0.0181

[0.0195]

13,909

(5)MatchedArticle covariates and affiliation fixed effects

–0.0473

[0.0363]

–0.0283

[0.0326]

–0.0121

[0.0273]

–0.0125

[0.0233]

6,198

(6)MatchedArticle covariates and author fixed effects

–0.0882

[0.0564]

–0.0865

[0.0513]*

–0.0647

[0.0442]

–0.0499

[0.0376]

8,556

  • Notes: Outcomes are recorded “four years after” the 2012 conference dates and consider the first ten Google Scholar hits. Each entry represents an estimate for the 2012 APSA meeting coefficient from a separate regression, using the main article sample. Observations are at the article–author level in Rows 3 and 6, and at the article level in the remaining rows. All regressions include controls for an indicator for whether the paper is in an APSA meeting, conference year dummies, and an APSA specific year trend. Article covariates include the number of authors in the paper, the total number of publications by the article authors multiplied by the average journal impact factor, and an indicator for whether any author had a previous paper posted in SSRN. The matched sample is explained in Section III.B.3 and described in Table A2. Robust standard errors are in brackets. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.