Comparing results from alternative predictions
| Dependent variable: Child hospitalized in last year for respiratory condition ( = 1 ) | Monitors within 50 miles for all pollutantsa | Monitors within 30 miles for all pollutants | Monitors within 15 miles for all pollutants | At least one monitor in country for all pollutants | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All at once | One at a time | IDW 30 | (CO) Kriging | IDW15 | (CO) Kriging | County weighted average | (CO) Kriging | |
| All controls | ||||||||
| CO | 0.002 [0.008] | 0.004 [0.008] | 0.004 [0.007] | −0.003 [0.013] | 0.007 [0.026] | −0.029 [0.030] | −0.003 [0.007] | 0.009 [0.014] |
| PM10 (*100) | 0.026 [0.029] | 0.03 [0.029] | −0.049* [0.027] | −0.021 [0.042] | 0.022 [0.151] | 0.057 [0.218] | 0.01 [0.054] | 0.025 [0.107] |
| SO2 | 0.271 [0.492] | 0.545 [0.465] | 0.745 [0.934] | −0.005 [1.168] | −3.887 [3.349] | −2.06 [3.763] | −0.112 [1.132] | 1.459 [1.637] |
| NO2 | −0.055 [0.357] | −0.003 [0.337] | −0.345 [0.446] | 0.043 [0.538] | −0.435 [1.243] | −0.747 [1.541] | —1.137*** [0.370] | −0.141 [0.644] |
| O3 | 0.207** [0.104] | 0.216** [0.104] | 0.072 [0.229] | 0.182 [0.120] | −0.761 [0.524] | −0.499 [0.518] | −0.299 [0.337] | 0.379 [0.263] |
| Observations | 114612 | 64348 | 64348 | 12103 | 12103 | 43353 | 43353 | |
| R-squared | 0.28 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.37 | 0.37 | |
| All controls and family fixed effects | ||||||||
| CO | 0.024** [0.011] | 0.025** [0.011] | 0 [0.009] | 0.01 [0.012] | −0.017 [0.028] | −0.004 [0.035] | 0.008 [0.013] | 0.009 [0.019] |
| PM10 (*100) | −0.007 [0.047] | 0.006 [0.051] | −0.093** [0.044] | −0.122** [0.061] | −0.045 [0.110] | −0.051 [0.218] | −0.02 [0.067] | −0.039 [0.088] |
| SO2 | 0.239 [1.117] | 0.538 [1.186] | 2.081** [0.938] | 0.619 [1.737] | 1.297 [2.253] | 3.873 [2.393] | 0.904 [1.543] | 1.787 [1.877] |
| NO2 | −0.353 [0.567] | −0.352 [0.607] | −0.929 [0.604] | −0.562 [0.574] | −1.25 [1.077] | −1.391 [1.133] | −1.000* [0.503] | −0.993 [0.678] |
| O3 | 0.350** [0.154] | 0.367** [0.153] | 0.505 [0.432] | 0.498** [0.215] | 0.005 [0.696] | −0.168 [0.548] | −0.482 [0.659] | 0.097 [0.363] |
| Observations | 114,612 | 64,348 | 64,348 | 12,103 | 12,103 | 43,353 | 43,353 | |
| R-squared | 0.5 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.51 | 0.51 | |