Table 2

Within Family Differences in Prenatal Cortisol Levels and Offspring Outcomes

Lower CortisolHigher CortisolDifferencePercent DifferenceDifference as Percent Standard Deviation
Years of completed schooling13.5713.44−0.13−1  −7
Seven year IQ101.199.52−1.58−2−11
Any severe chronic health condition at age seven0.1220.1220.00  0    0
Gestation40.0939.93−0.159  0  −8
Birth weight3,3383,309−29−1  −6
Low/Normal CortisolHigh CortisolDifferencePercent DifferenceDifference as Percent Standard Deviation
Years of completed schooling13.6112.54−1.07−8−58
Seven year IQ100.395.2−5.12−5−37
Any severe chronic health condition at age seven0.0810.1210.0449    9
Gestation40.1840.00−0.185  0  −9
Birth weight3,3283,262−66−2−13