Table 4

Change in Annual External-Cause Mortality Rate for Children Born After September 30, 1983, by Race and Age Group

Black ChildrenWhite Children
Four-Year WindowThree-Year WindowTwo-Year WindowFour-Year WindowThree-Year WindowTwo-Year Window
Ages 4–7
    Linear−0.269*
(0.136)		−0.254
(0.169)		−0.257
(0.193)		−0.074
(0.045)		−0.010
(0.047)		0.022
(0.058)
    Linear spline−0.275**
(0.122)		−0.267*
(0.137)		−0.276
(0.167)		−0.075
(0.045)		−0.010
(0.048)		0.022
(0.058)
    Quadratic−0.269**
(0.128)		−0.254*
(0.141)		−0.257
(0.165)		−0.074
(0.045)		−0.010
(0.047)		0.022
(0.058)
    Quadratic spline−0.226
(0.160)		−0.108
(0.192)		−0.191
(0.244)		0.086
(0.065)		0.088
(0.072)		0.075
(0.084)
    Baseline mean2.0932.0942.1471.1961.1971.174
    N  192  144    96  192  144    96
Ages 8–14
    Linear−0.048
(0.096)		−0.127
(0.112)		−0.098
(0.134)		0.107**
(0.041)		0.105**
(0.050)		0.123*
(0.063)
    Linear spline−0.049
(0.094)		−0.130
(0.111)		−0.100
(0.136)		0.106***
(0.031)		0.103***
(0.038)		0.118**
(0.046)
    Quadratic−0.046
(0.094)		−0.123
(0.109)		−0.095
(0.135)		0.110***
(0.033)		0.108***
(0.039)		0.128***
(0.047)
    Quadratic spline−0.119
(0.148)		−0.054
(0.157)		−0.120
(0.164)		0.089*
(0.046)		0.071
(0.054)		0.032
(0.056)
    Baseline mean1.8641.7921.7851.2271.1831.146
    N  288  216  144  288  216  144
Ages 15–18
    Linear0.185
(0.423)		0.025
(0.453)		−0.072
(0.488)		0.162
(0.203)		0.035
(0.206)		0.006
(0.170)
    Linear spline0.101
(0.247)		0.023
(0.294)		−0.039
(0.390)		0.118
(0.095)		0.033
(0.110)		0.022
(0.121)
    Quadratic0.041
(0.278)		−0.042
(0.320)		−0.094
(0.421)		0.085
(0.101)		−0.002
(0.107)		−0.006
(0.117)
    Quadratic spline−0.062
(0.307)		−0.251
(0.349)		−0.312
(0.449)		0.055
(0.135)		0.053
(0.160)		0.030
(0.145)
    Baseline mean6.6136.2495.9514.9534.8124.693
    N  192  144    96  192  144    96
Ages 19–23
    Linear0.071
(0.260)		−0.294
(0.275)		−0.993***
(0.331)		0.018
(0.120)		−0.074
(0.121)		−0.115
(0.139)
    Linear spline0.067
(0.256)		−0.312
(0.239)		−1.024***
(0.302)		0.006
(0.098)		−0.085
(0.111)		−0.121
(0.139)
    Quadratic0.071
(0.260)		−0.294
(0.242)		−0.993***
(0.296)		0.018
(0.094)		−0.074
(0.107)		−0.115
(0.139)
    Quadratic spline−0.854***
(0.304)		−1.305***
(0.304)		−1.134***
(0.404)		−0.163
(0.131)		−0.246*
(0.136)		−0.211
(0.175)
    Baseline mean10.72310.52210.4886.8406.8896.978
    N    192    14496    192    14496

  • Notes: Coefficients from OLS regressions with the specified function in birth cohort, a dummy for deaths classified under ICD-10 and calendar month dummies. Standard errors reported in parentheses are robust and clustered by birth month cohort,

  • ↵*** p < 0.01,

  • ↵** p < 0.05,

  • ↵* p < 0.1.