Reining in punitive discipline: Recent trends in exclusionary school discipline disparities

NY Hwang, EK Penner, M Davison, T Sanabria… - …, 2022 - journals.sagepub.com
Concerns around disparities in suspensions and expulsions from schools in the United
States have resulted in a concerted effort to reduce the use of exclusionary school discipline …

Adding color to my tears: Toward a theoretical framework for antiblackness in school discipline

N Sobti, RO Welsh - Educational Researcher, 2023 - journals.sagepub.com
Persistent racial disparities in students' disciplinary outcomes have been one of the most
concerning educational policy and equity topics for decades. Despite the hypervisibility of …

The Effects of Student–Teacher Ethnoracial Matching on Exclusionary Discipline for Asian American, Black, and Latinx Students: Evidence From New York City

M Shirrell, TJ Bristol, TA Britton - Educational Evaluation and …, 2023 - journals.sagepub.com
Although Black and Latinx students disproportionately face exclusionary school discipline,
prior research finds that the likelihood of suspension for Black students decreases when …

The plight of persistently disciplined students: Examining frequent flyers and the conversion of office discipline referrals into suspensions

RO Welsh, LA Rodriguez - Educational Evaluation and …, 2024 - journals.sagepub.com
Racial inequality in exclusionary discipline is a salient educational equity issue. The
implications of educators' discretion in administering discipline and the complexity of …

JUE insight: From referrals to suspensions: New evidence on racial disparities in exclusionary discipline

J Liu, MS Hayes, S Gershenson - Journal of Urban Economics, 2022 - Elsevier
We use novel data on disciplinary referrals, including those that do not lead to suspensions,
to better understand the origins of racial disparities in exclusionary discipline. We find …

Equal time for equal crime? Racial bias in school discipline

Y Shi, M Zhu - Economics of Education Review, 2022 - Elsevier
Well-documented racial disparities in rates of exclusionary discipline may arise from
differences in unobservable student behavior or from bias, in which treatment for the same …

School discipline and racial disparities in early adulthood

M Davison, AM Penner, EK Penner… - Educational …, 2022 - journals.sagepub.com
Despite interest in the contributions of school discipline to the creation of racial inequality,
previous research has been unable to identify how students who receive suspensions in …

Understanding the Linkages between Racial/Ethnic Discipline Gaps and Racial/Ethnic Achievement Gaps in the United States.

M Gopalan - Education Policy Analysis Archives, 2019 - ERIC
This study estimates racial/ethnic discipline gaps, using multiple measures of school
discipline outcomes, in nearly all school districts in the United States with data collected by …

Getting tough? The effects of discretionary principal discipline on student outcomes

LC Sorensen, SD Bushway, EJ Gifford - Education Finance and …, 2022 - direct.mit.edu
Nationwide, school principals are given wide discretion to use disciplinary tools like
suspension and expulsion to create a safe learning environment. There is legitimate …

Troublemakers? The role of frequent teacher referrers in expanding racial disciplinary disproportionalities

J Liu, EK Penner, W Gao - Educational Researcher, 2023 - journals.sagepub.com
Teachers' sensemaking of student behavior determines whether students get in trouble and
are formally disciplined. Status categories, such as race, can influence perceptions of …