Effects of early-life exposure to sanitation on childhood cognitive skills: Evidence from India's Total Sanitation Campaign

D Spears, S Lamba - Journal of Human Resources, 2016 - jhr.uwpress.org
Early-life health shapes cognitive skills and human capital. In India, widespread open
defecation without using a toilet is an important source of childhood disease. We study the …

Effects of early-life exposure to sanitation on childhood cognitive skills: evidence from India's total sanitation campaign

D Spears, S Lamba - World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 2013 - papers.ssrn.com
Early life health and net nutrition shape childhood and adult cognitive skills and human
capital. In poor countries--and especially in South Asia--widespread open defecation without …

Improved sanitation increases long-term cognitive test scores

J Orgill-Meyer, SK Pattanayak - World Development, 2020 - Elsevier
Poor sanitation has large negative impacts on environmental quality, health, and well-being.
Sanitation infrastructure is particularly lacking in India, where in 2011, 66% of households …

Childhood stunting and cognitive effects of water and sanitation in Indonesia

L Cameron, C Chase, S Haque, G Joseph… - Economics & Human …, 2021 - Elsevier
Close to 100 million Indonesians lack access to improved sanitation, while 33 million live
without improved drinking water. Indonesia is home to the second largest number of open …

[HTML][HTML] Child health and unhealthy sanitary practices in India: evidence from recent round of national family health Survey-IV

LK Dwivedi, K Banerjee, N Jain, M Ranjan, P Dixit - SSM-population health, 2019 - Elsevier
Objectives Despite threefold increase in investment (from Rs. 28,500 million to Rs. 90,000
million during 2014–17) in the allocation of funds for the Clean India movement, creating …

Association of poor sanitation with growth measurements among children in India

S Chakrabarti, P Singh, T Bruckner - JAMA network open, 2020 - jamanetwork.com
Importance Much research on sanitation and linear growth in low-and middle-income
countries focuses on children younger than 5 years. However, poor sanitation may be …

Village sanitation and children's human capital: evidence from a randomized experiment by the Maharashtra government

JS Hammer, D Spears - World Bank Policy Research Working …, 2013 - papers.ssrn.com
Open defecation is exceptionally widespread in India, a county with puzzlingly high rates of
child stunting. This paper reports a randomized controlled trial of a village-level sanitation …

[HTML][HTML] The effect of India's total sanitation campaign on defecation behaviors and child health in rural Madhya Pradesh: a cluster randomized controlled trial

SR Patil, BF Arnold, AL Salvatore, B Briceno… - PLoS …, 2014 - journals.plos.org
Background Poor sanitation is thought to be a major cause of enteric infections among
young children. However, there are no previously published randomized trials to measure …

Effects of sanitation on cognitive development and school absence: a systematic review

GD Sclar, JV Garn, G Penakalapati… - International Journal of …, 2017 - Elsevier
Objective We undertook this systematic review to explore the relationship between
sanitation and learning outcomes, specifically cognitive development and absence. Methods …

[PDF][PDF] Effects of rural sanitation on infant mortality and human capital: Evidence from India's Total Sanitation Campaign

D Spears - Washington, DC: Princeton University, 2012 - dartmouth.edu
Open defecation without a toilet or latrine is among the leading global threats to health,
especially in India. Although it is well-known that modern sewage infrastructure improves …